Footnotes and Further Reading

Elbridge Gerry

1744-1814
Footnote # 1

George Athan Billias' Elbridge Gerry, Founding Father and Republican Statesman (NY: McGraw-Hill, 1976) remains the best biography of Elbridge Gerry.

Footnote # 2

John Adams to James Warren, July 15, 1776, Warren-Adams Letters (Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society, 1917) 1: 260. To learn more about Gerry's role in the move to independence in the context of the independence movement, see Pauline Maier, American Scripture: Making the Declaration of Independence (NY: Vintage Books, 1997), ch. 1; 69.

Footnote # 3

Rufus King to Elbridge Gerry, April 30, 1786, in The Founders' Constitution, Volume 1, Chapter 5, Document 10 http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/documents/v1ch5s10.html, The University of Chicago Press.

Footnote # 4

Jonathan Elliot, ed., The Debates in the Several States on the Adoption of the Federal constitution, as Recommended by the General Convention at Philadelphia in 1787, 5 volumes, 2d. Edition. Reprinted from the 1845 edition (Buffalo, NY: William S. Hein & Co., Inc., 1996), 5: 136. Convention proceedings and notes may be found on-line at the Yale University Law School's Avalon Project at http://avalon.law.yale.edu/subject_menus/debcont.asp.

Footnote # 5

Ibid., 5: 557.

Footnote # 6

Ibid.; Ralph Ketcham, ed., The Anti-Federalist Papers and the Constitutional Convention Debates (NY: Signet Classic, 2003), 180.

Footnote # 7

Ibid.

Footnote # 8

John P. Kaminski et al, eds., Documentary History of the Ratification of the Constitution (Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1997) iv: 98-99.

Footnote # 9

Ibid., vi: 1253.

Footnote # 10

Ibid., vi: 1267.

Footnote # 11

Ibid., vi: 1487.

Footnote # 12

Ibid., vi:1477-78.

Footnote # 13

Elbridge Gerry, Observations on the New Constitution and on the Federal and State Conventions, in Paul Leicester Ford, ed., Pamphlets on the Constitution of the United States (NY: 1888).


Further Reading

Billias, George Athan. Elbridge Gerry, Founding Father and Republican Statesman. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1976.

Elliot, Jonathan, ed. The Debates in the Several States on the Adoption of the Federal constitution, as Recommended by the General Convention at Philadelphia in 1787, 5 volumes, 2d. Edition. Reprinted from the 1845 edition (Buffalo, NY: William S. Hein & Co., Inc., 1996).

Gross, Robert A., ed. In Debt to Shays: The Bicentennial of an Agrarian Rebellion. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1993.

Ketcham, Ralph, ed. The Anti-Federalist Papers and the Constitutional Convention Debates. New York: Signet Classic, 2003.

Jenson, Merrill. The New Nation: A History of the United States During the Confederation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1950; Reprinted by Northeastern University Press by arrangement with Alfred A. Knopf, 1981.

Kaminski, John P., Saladino, Gaspare J., Leffler, Richard, Schoenleber, Charles H. and Margaret A. Hogan eds. The Documentary History of the Ratification of the Constitution, Ratification of the States: Massachusetts. Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1986-2007, especially volumes I, IV, V, VI and VII.

Richards, Leonard. Shays's Rebellion: The American Revolution's Final Battle. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002.

Starkey, Marion L. A Little Rebellion. New York, Knopf, 1955.

Wood, Gordon S. ed., The Confederation and the Constitution: The Critical Issues. New York: University Press of America, 1979.